HSI
From: Bayesian Models for Astrophysical Data, Cambridge Univ. Press
(c) 2017, Joseph M. Hilbe, Rafael S. de Souza and Emille E. O. Ishida
you are kindly asked to include the complete citation if you used this material in a publication
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Code 7.2 Bayesian zero-inflated Poisson in Python using Stan
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import numpy as np
import pystan
import statsmodels.api as sm
from rpy2.robjects import r, FloatVector
from scipy.stats import uniform, norm
def zipoisson(N, lambda_par, psi):
"""Zero inflated Poisson sampler."""
​
# load R package
r('library(VGAM)')
​
# get R functions
zipoissonR = r['rzipois']
res = zipoissonR(N, FloatVector(lambda_par),
pstr0=FloatVector(psi))
return np.array([int(item) for item in res])
# Data
np.random.seed(141) # set seed to replicate example
nobs= 5000 # number of obs in model
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x1 = uniform.rvs(size=nobs)
xb = 1 + 2.0 * x1 # linear predictor
xc = 2 - 5.0 * x1
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exb = np.exp(xb)
exc = 1.0 / (1.0 + np.exp(-xc))
zipy = zipoisson(nobs, exb, exc) # create y as adjusted
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X = np.transpose(x1)
X = sm.add_constant(X)
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mydata = {} # build data dictionary
mydata['N'] = nobs # sample size
mydata['Xb'] = X # predictors
mydata['Xc'] = X
mydata['Y'] = zipy # response variable
mydata['Kb'] = X.shape[1] # number of coefficients
mydata['Kc'] = X.shape[1]
​
# Fit
stan_code = """
data{
int N;
int Kb;
int Kc;
matrix[N, Kb] Xb;
matrix[N, Kc] Xc;
int Y[N];
}
parameters{
vector[Kc] beta;
vector[Kb] gamma;
}
transformed parameters{
vector[N] mu;
vector[N] Pi;
mu = exp(Xc * beta);
for (i in 1:N) Pi[i] = inv_logit(Xb[i] * gamma);
}
model{
real LL[N];
for (i in 1:N) {
if (Y[i] == 0) {
LL[i] = log_sum_exp(bernoulli_lpmf(1|Pi[i]),
bernoulli_lpmf(0|Pi[i]) +
poisson_lpmf(Y[i]|mu[i]));
} else {
LL[i] = bernoulli_lpmf(0|Pi[i]) +
poisson_lpmf(Y[i]|mu[i]);
}
}
target += LL;
}
"""
​
# Run mcmc
fit = pystan.stan(model_code=stan_code, data=mydata, iter=5000, chains=3,
warmup=4000, n_jobs=3)
# Output
nlines = 9 # number of lines in screen output
​
output = str(fit).split('\n')
for item in output[:nlines]:
print(item)
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Output on screen:
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Inference for Stan model: anon_model_49dc4b15f67427c0728b1e06ab4a4a1e.
3 chains, each with iter=5000; warmup=4000; thin=1;
post-warmup draws per chain=1000, total post-warmup draws=3000.
​
mean se_mean sd 2.5% 25% 50% 75% 97.5% n_eff Rhat
beta[0] 1.0 6.2e-4 0.02 0.96 0.99 1.0 1.02 1.04 1097.0 1.0
beta[1] 1.99 8.0e-4 0.03 1.94 1.98 1.99 2.01 2.05 1097.0 1.0
gamma[0] 1.98 2.2e-3 0.07 1.84 1.93 1.98 2.03 2.12 1126.0 1.0
gamma[1] -5.06 4.2e-3 0.14 -5.34 -5.15 -5.06 -4.96 -4.78 1188.0 1.0